Method of producing improved yarn



Oct. 19, 194 P. H. CANNON 2,451,533

' IIETHOD OF PRODUCING IIIPROVEP YARI Filed 001;. 17, 1945 INVENTOR- MUL HAVEN CANNON Pauli-lbani, M ifdmaudfl ATTORNEYS Patented Oct. 19,

METHOD PRODUCING IMPROVED YARN Paul Haven Cannon, Rome, Ga., assignor, by mesne assignments, to CelaneseCorporation of America, a corporation of Delaware Application October 17 1945, Serial No. 622,797

2' Claims. (Cl. 57-156) This invention relates to continuous filament spun yarn and has for its objects the provision of an improved yarn and an improved method of producing the yarn. Spun yarn that is wound on bobbins while in a fresh state does not have the same dye affinity at the edges or shoulders of the package that it has in the interior of the package because of a differential in certain chemical and physical actions during the preparation, purification and drying of the spun yarn package. As a result-of this difference in dye afilnity, there are repeated short length variations in the yarn which may vary in length from a fraction of an inch to several inches. This undesirable dyeing characteristic is often referred to as shoulder eflect." In the cloth prepared from the yarn, theseshort length variations are frequently arranged in pattern formations, known as *streaksl' barre and. "moire," which degrade the appearance and quality of the cloth. My invention is concerned with the provision of a yarn in which the intensity of the shoulder efl'ect' is reduced to an unobjectionable defect.

The invention provides a blended'yarn formed of two or more yarns in which those portions of each yarn having the shoulder effect are placed alongside a portion of the other yarn having normal dye afllnities and, when the yarns are dyed, the undesirable dye character of the shoulder effect is reduced to a marked extent by the normal dyeing yarn blended-therewith. The in.- vention provides an orderly and positive means of bringing together two or more yarns in such sldeby-side relation that there is a uniform blending of the yarns with respect to their dyeing properties. The invention provides a simple and economical method of plying the yarns on ordinary textile winding equipment. In accordance with the invention, two or more yarn ends are spun and formed into a single package, as on a ing discussion taken in conjunction with the ac- V companying drawing, in which:

Fig. l is a somewhat diagrammatic illustration of a yarn package in the process of formation in accordance with a'method of the invention, and

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic sketch of a blended yarn of the invention.

As shown in Fig. 1, the bobbin i of usual construction, such as an aluminum cylinder, has wound thereon a yarn cake or package 2 of conventional shape. The yarn cake is almost completely wound and comprises two yarn ends A and B being laid in spaced side--by-side position by the traverse guide 3 which has separate guide openings 4 and 5 spaced-apart, in the direction of travel of the traverse guide, the distance D re- In winding two yarn-ends on a single bobbin during the spinning operation, for example, the traverse is provided with two'guides so spaced apart as to lay the two yarns in side-by-side relaquired between the yarns A and B.

The sloping shoulders 8 and 9 are the parts of the package where the so-called shoulder eiIec occurs and thecylindrical part therebetween is the part which has the desired or normal dyeingproperties. As shown in Fig. 1, the traverse guide is' just starting its return to the right,

the yarn end A having reached the position in does not reach the shoulder 8 and acquire thev shoulder effect. As the traverse guide carries the yarn ends to the right, the shoulder 9 is finally reached and the yarn end B forms the shoulder 9. At the point where end B forms shoulder 9, the end A is spaced inward the distance D and does not acquire the shoulder effect on this end of the package. This operation is, of course, repeated for each layer of yarn.

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic illustration of a blended yarn of the invention in various stages after removal 01' yarns A and B from the package. The shaded portions ill have the shoulder effect and the clear portions ll respond to normal dyeing. The two yarns are brought together with a staggering of the portions I0 and II of one yarn with respect to portions I0 and Ii of the other yarn. This perfect blending happens with certainty and in a precise manner by reason of the The following are examples of operations em-' bodying the invention:

Two separate viscose yarns 75 denier, file ments, were spun and the two yarns were wound on a single bobbin as in Fig. 1, washed free of .acid, desuifurized by the conventional vacuum washing process,'and then dried on the metal bobbin in hot air. About 300 meters of both yarns were reeled oil the outside of the spin package. The remainder of the spin package was placed on the spindle of an upstroke twister and the two ends were plied while simultaneously inserting three turns of twist per inch. Following this, the plied 150 denier, 40 filament yarn was preshrunk in cake form, wound into cones and processed into fabric by the usual textile methods.

In another example, a package was formed of two yarn ends as in the previous example. The two ends were plied and twisted simultaneously on a ring twister by delivering the two ends simultaneously over the end of the spin package, joining them together on the draft rolls, and winding the plied 150 denier, 40 filament yarn onto a ring twister take-up bobbin in the conventional manner. Following this, the plied yarn was backwound into cake form, preshrunk, wound into cones, and woven into fabric.

In both examples, the plied yarn was woven as filling in a taffeta construction. The fabric was scoured and dyed by conventional methods and then was inspected for unifonnity of dye aflinity. The fabric was found to possess a smooth appearance, having a uniformacceptance of dyestuif. It was notably free of the customary short length variations in dye aiiinity often referred to as short streakiness and barre which are attributable to shoulder effect. Direct comparisons of the plied yarn of the invention with yarn spun and processed under the same conditions that existed for the plied or blended yarn but which was spun and processed in the conventional manner as a single end showed the fabric prepared or the plied yarn to be markedly improved in dye uniformity over that prepared of the conventional yarn. Furthermore, similar tests showed the same improvement of the plied yarn over either of the two ends of the spin bobbin if they were not plied but each wound onto separate bobbins in a winding or twisting operation:

I claim:

1. Method of producing an improved yarn, which comprises simultaneously spinning two separate yarns, forming a package of said separate yarns by cross-winding the same on to said package while maintaining said yarns in a spaced relation at all points of the package and in such a manner that one yarn forms a shoulder at one end of the package while a difierent yarn forms a shoulder at the other end of the package and then removing said yarns from the package and simultaneously twisting the same so as to form a blended yarn in which the portions of the yarn at the shoulders are staggered with respect to each other in the blended yarn.

2. Method of producing an improved yarn, which comprises simultaneously spinning two separate yarns, formin a package of said two separate yarns, concurrently with the spinning thereof, by cross-winding the same on to said package while maintaining said yarns in a spaced relation at all points of the package and in such a manner that one yarn forms a shoulder at one end of the package while a diflerent yarn forms ashoulder at the other end of the package and then removing said yarns from the package and simultaneously twisting the same so as to form a blended yarn in which the portions of the yarn at the shoulders are staggered with respect to each other in the blended yarn.

PAUL HAVEN CANNON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS :Number Name Date 1,038,888 Hollins Sept. 17, 1912 1,193,041 Mazzucchelli Aug. 1, 1916 1,969,307 Kaufman Aug. 7, 1934 2,058,113 Turner Oct. 20, 1936 2,345,544 Worthington Mar. 28, 1944 2,363,205 Smith Nov. 21, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 8,560 Great Britain May 5, 1892 115,498 Great Britain May 13, 1918 153,713 Great Britain Nov. 18, 1920 297,988 Great Britain Oct. 4, 1938 642,154 France May 2, 1928 

